Egypt in mourning: Coptic Pope Shenouda's funeral

Coptic Pope Shenouda III Tens of thousands of Egyptian Coptic Christians joined a funeral mass for their patriarch, Pope Shenouda III, led by senior clerics at the main cathedral in Cairo. St Mark's Cathedral waspacked with local clerics,  

 visiting clergymen and dignitaries as deacons chanted sombre hymns and bearded, black-clad priests and monks recited prayers and dispensed incense smoke from censers.
Shenouda's body lay in a white casket in the elaborate regalia he traditionally wore to oversee services, complete with an ornate golden crown.
Shenouda died on Saturday aged 88 after 40 years at the head of the Coptic Orthodox Church, one of the world's oldest Christian denominations.
Most of Egypt's estimated 10 million Christians are Orthodox Copts.
Many in the congregation broke down in tears, while others frantically waved goodbye as the mass came to a close.
Clerics, deacons and laypeople gathered around the casket, kissing it, standing in silence or bowing in respect.
Tens of thousands more who could not get in followed the mass outside the cathedral at Ramses Street, carrying crosses and portraits of Shenouda. Many wept, wiping tears off their faces as the melancholic tunes of the hymns reached them through loudspeakers.
The funeral was attended by representatives of  the ruling Supreme Council of Armed Forces (SCAF), presidential candidates including Amr Moussa, Hamdien Sabahy, Abdelmonem Abul-Fotouh, and Ahmed Shafiq, along with an official Islamic delegation representing the Al-Azhar Islamic Institution, Egypt's Mufti and the ministry of endowments, several foreign ambassadors and diplomats including US ambassador Ann Patterson and the Vatican ambassador Michael Fitzgerald. SCAF head Field Marshal Hussein Tantawi and his Deputy, General Sami Anan, interim prime minister Kamal Ganzouri and Al-Azhar's Sheikh Ahmed Al-Tayeb were absent for "security reasons".
 About 500 bishops and priests representing several Christian dominations around the world attended the funeral, including Ethiopia, Syria, Lebanon, the Vatican and Greece. Huge screens were placed outside the cathedral, so the crowd could watch the mass inside, some mourners reportedly fainted from all the weeping.
Bishop Justus, the head of Archbishop Antonious' Monastery in the Red Sea, read Pope Shenouda's commandment in which he said: "Love each other, do what is good for humanity, and always commit to God's orders. Keep your faith in him inside your hearts."Funeral prayers were recited by more than 110 bishops, added to about 500 priests and more than 1000 intoners and deacons. After finishing the prayers, the Holy Synod's Secretary, Bishop Beshouy, expressed his gratitude to "all who shared the church its grief to the loss of Pope Shenouda III, whether those who had expressed their consolation before or those who are attending today". 
Scores of military police were deployed to maintain security outside the cathedral, on one of central Cairo's main arteries, with traffic backed up for hours because of the crowds.
After the mass, Shenouda's body was ferried to Almaza military airport east of Cairo, from where it was to be flown later on Tuesday to the desert St Bishoy monastery north-west of the capital, where he will buried.Thousands walked all the way behind the car crying and cheering for the departed Pope.  
The monastery, which dates back to the 4th century, was a favourite of Shenouda's.
Tantawi, declared a nationwide state of mourning on Tuesday.
A successor to Pope Shenouda has yet to be found and it could take months before the complex process is completed.
Egypt's Coptic Christians have long complained of discrimination by the nation's Muslim majority. The political ascent of Islamists since the ousting of Hosni Mubarak a year ago has added to their worries.
Egyptian Copts make up 10 per cent of the country's population.
"Words, my beloved, can never do Pope Shenouda justice. He left us an example of leadership that we should all follow," a senior cleric said in an address to the congregation. "It is because of him that we have national unity with our Muslim brothers."
Egyptian authorities deny any discrimination, but Christians say it happens in numerous and subtle ways. Christians, for example, rarely assume leadership jobs on the police force, particularly the security agencies. The Islamist-dominated parliament only has a handful of Christians, and there are never more than one or two Christians among 30-plus cabinet ministers.
As Egypt grew more religiously conservative over the past 40 years, the discrimination became more manifest in everyday life, particularly when Christians came into direct contact with government departments or enrolled their children at state schools, where Islamists often dominate teaching staff.
Tens of thousands of mourners have paid their respects to the Pope, whose body has been on display in the cathedral.
Copts - the Middle East's largest Christian community - have been given time off work to prepare for Tuesday's funeral.
A national day of mourning was also declared for the funeral.
The holy Pope was able to gain the love of even those who held different opinions and I believe this will be a difficult thing to replace," said a mourner named as Samir.
"But God protects the Church and he will find a suitable patriarch."
The Pope was seen as a leader who did his best to protect Coptic Christians at a time when Islamism was on the rise.
But his deep conservatism - including opposition to divorce - was not always popular with younger Christians.
The first challenge for the new leader of the Church will be to reassure Copts of their place in a country whose largest political party is now the Islamist Muslim Brotherhood.
Tributes have come in from around the world, with Roman Catholic Pope Benedict XVI offering prayers and US President Barack Obama praising Pope Shenouda as an "advocate for tolerance and religious dialogue".
Egypt's military rulers expressed the hope on their Facebook page that his wish of "preserving the unity of Egypt and the unity of its social fabric" would be achieved.
And a senior Muslim cleric, the Grand Imam of the prestigious al-Azhar university, Ahmed al-Tayeb, expressed sorrow and said he "greatly remembers his vision towards Jerusalem and its history".